Intrinsic neural diversity quenches the dynamic volatility of neural networks

authors: Axel Hutt, Scott Rich, Taufik A. Valiante, Jérémie Lefebvre
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218841120

CITATION

Hutt, A., Rich, S., Valiante, T. A., & Lefebvre, J. (2023). Intrinsic neural diversity quenches the dynamic volatility of neural networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(28), e2218841120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2218841120

ABSTRACT

Heterogeneity is the norm in biology. The brain is no different: Neuronal cell types are myriad, reflected through their cellular morphology, type, excitability, connectivity motifs, and ion channel distributions. While this biophysical diversity enriches neural systems’ dynamical repertoire, it remains challenging to reconcile with the robustness and persistence of brain function over time (resilience). To better understand the relationship between excitability heterogeneity (variability in excitability within a population of neurons) and resilience, we analyzed both analytically and numerically a nonlinear sparse neural network with balanced excitatory and inhibitory connections evolving over long time scales. Homogeneous networks demonstrated increases in excitability, and strong firing rate correlations—signs of instability—in response to a slowly varying modulatory fluctuation. Excitability heterogeneity tuned network stability in a context-dependent way by restraining responses to modulatory challenges and limiting firing rate correlations, while enriching dynamics during states of low modulatory drive. Excitability heterogeneity was found to implement a homeostatic control mechanism enhancing network resilience to changes in population size, connection probability, strength and variability of synaptic weights, by quenching the volatility (i.e., its susceptibility to critical transitions) of its dynamics. Together, these results highlight the fundamental role played by cell-to-cell heterogeneity in the robustness of brain function in the face of change.

fleeting notes


“heterogeneity is the norm in biology” - i like this quote

tons of cell types and properties = lots of dynamical possibilities but a challenge to understand robustness and resilience

analyzed data - structural an non linear neural networks

homogenous networks have increased excitability and correlations - which is instable

excitability heterogeneity tunes network stability

brains change overtime but neural dynamics stay the same in healthy brains

  • a sign of resilience

resilience of neural circuits have been studied through experiments in the STG

  • highly stable and robust activity despite heterogeneity and environmental changes

complex networks lose stability when population size increases, coupling weights are too strong, connection probability is too dense, or connectivity motifs become too heterogeneous

to model neural dynamics:

  • used large nonlinear neural netowkr
  • sparse balanced excitatory and inhibitory connections
  • looked at many time scales to see persistence of dynamics
  • added fluctuating modulatory input

slow time scales - slow modulation mimicks resting state

diversity in excitability restrains population response to perturbations

  • it promotes gradual and linear changes to firing rates

defining “insults” as increases in network size, conneciton probability, strength and variability of synaptic weights, modulatory fluctuations

highlights


📚